Section 3 (4-3) Mineral Resources



Vocabulary

gemstone- a mineral that has color/s and it is very hard.
ore- a mineral that can be used to different things such as metals.
smelting- a process that separates the useable metal from the other non-useful elements from ore.
alloy- a metal which is mixed by some other minerals or metals.

Outline


The Use of Minerals

  • People use Minerals everywhere.
  • Mineral can be used for many things such as gemstone for jewelry, metal for machines, and quartz for watches.
  • Gemstomes
    • Gemstones are the mineral that are hard and colorful.
    • It has brilliant, or glassy luster.
    • People value gemstones for many different reasons.
      • It is because of color, luster, and its rarity.
    • Gemstones which is cut, and polished is called gem.
      • It is used for jewelry, decoration, mechanical parts, grinding, and polishing.
  • Metals
    • Some minerals are the source of metals.
    • Metals is very useful because it can be streched, flattened, hammered, and also molded.
  • Other Useful Minerals
    • There are a lot of other different useful minerals other than gemstones and metals.
      • They can be used in food, medicine, fertilizers, building materials, and much other.
        • For example, talc can be used in talcum powder, fluorite is important in making aluminum, and steel, and calcite can be used in optical instruments.

Ores

  • Ore is a rock that contains useful minerals and/or metals.
  • The metal in ore usually does not occur in pure form.

Prospecting

  • Prospector is anyone who searches for a certain ore deposit.
    • Prospector look for certain features.
      • They examine plants growing in the area,and tests streams for a certain presence of certain chemicals.

Mining

  • There are three types of mining.
    • Strip Mines
      • Strip mines uses earthmoving equipment to expose ore to the surface.
    • Open Pit Mines
      • Open pit mine digs a tremendous pit to remove ore deposits which is near the surface, but may extends for hundreds of meters.
      • Some are more than kilometers wide and nearly as deep.
    • Shaft Mines
      • Shaft mines have a networks of tunnel.
      • Shaft mines follows the veins of ore.
        • By following, it extends deep in the ground.
    • Mining can harm the environment.
      • Strip and open pit mines leave scars on the ground.
      • Waste materials from mining can pollute rivers and lakes.

Smelting

  • smelting needed after digging ore
  • smelting removes metal from ore
  • smelting is used worldwide
  • metals come from ores
  • there is another process needed
    • the impurites have to be removed from iron
  • alloy
    • steel

Diagram

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